Ukuhlukaniswa kwemigodi emincane, ukunakwa okukhulu - ukuveza imfihlakalo "yezikhala zemigodi" ekukhiqizeni ngemishini

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemigodi emincane, ukunakwa okukhulu - ukuveza imfihlakalo "yezikhala zemigodi" ekukhiqizeni ngemishini

Ezimpilweni zansuku zonke, kusukela emigodini yezikulufi zefoni yeselula kuya ezakhiweni zensimbi ezinkulu zebhuloho, ukuhlanganiswa kwemikhiqizo eminingi kuncike “ekukhaleni kwemigodi” okunembile. Le parameter ebonakala ilula ingenye yesisekelo semboni yesimanje. Kuyini ukuhlukana kwemigodi? Kungani ibaluleke kangaka? Namuhla, sizokwembula izimiso zesayensi ngemuva kwale mininingwane yobuchwepheshe.

Kuyini ukuhlukana kwemigodi?
Njengoba igama liphakamisa, ukuhlukaniswa kwemigodi kubhekisela ebangeni eliphakathi kwezikhungo zezimbobo ezimbili. Ekwenziweni kwemishini, kuthinta ngokuqondile ukunemba komhlangano wezingxenye. Isibonelo, uma isikhala sembobo yesikulufu sekesi leselula sichezuka ngo-0.1 mm, singase siyibangele ukuthi ingakwazi ukuqina; futhi uma iphutha lezikhala zesikhala sebhulokhi yenjini yemoto lidlula umkhawulo, lingase libangele nokuvuza kukawoyela noma ukuguga kwengxenye.

Ukunemba kwesikhala semigodi: ukweqa kusuka kumamilimitha kuya kuma-microns
Ngokuqhubeka komkhakha, izidingo zokunemba kwezikhala zezimbobo ziya ngokuya ziba nzima:

Izingxenye ezivamile (njengefenisha): ukubekezelelana kwezikhala zemigodi cishe ku-±0.5 mm;

Amathuluzi anembile (njengamalensi ekhamera): kufanele alawulwe phakathi kuka-±0.02 mm;

I-Aerospace (njengamavalvu kaphethiloli we-rocket): izimfuneko ziphezulu ngokufika ku-±0.005 mm, okulingana nengxenye eyodwa kweshumi yoboya.

Ukuze uzuze ukunemba okunjalo, kuyadingeka ukuthembela kumathuluzi omshini we-CNC anembe kakhulu, amathuluzi okulinganisa ama-laser nezinye izinto zokusebenza, futhi ucabangele izici ezifana nokunwetshwa okushisayo nokufinyezwa kwezinto kanye nokudlidliza.

Indlela yokukala isikhala semigodi?

Izindlela ezijwayelekile zifaka:

I-Vernier caliper: ifanele izimo zokunemba okuphansi;

Umshini wokulinganisa ohlanganisa izinto ezintathu: ukhiqiza amamodeli e-3D ngokusebenzisa ukuskena kwe-probe, ngokunemba okufika kuzinga le-micron;

Umthwebuli wezithombe obonakalayo: sisebenzisa ikhamera ukuhlonza ngokuzenzakalelayo indawo yembobo, esebenza kahle futhi engathinteki.

Amathrendi wesikhathi esizayo: ubuhlakani kanye nokumiswa
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-Industry 4.0, izimboni ezihlakaniphile zisebenzisa izinzwa ukuqapha ukuchezuka kwezikhala zemigodi ngesikhathi sangempela futhi zilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo amapharamitha okucubungula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ikhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwamazinga omhlaba wokuhlukanisa izimbobo ukuze kuncishiswe izinkinga ezifanayo kumaketanga okunikezela awela imingcele.

Nakuba ukuhlukaniswa kwembobo kukuncane, kuyisibonelo esivamile "sephutha elincane lingaholela ephutha elikhulu". Kusukela ekubekweni kwezimbobo zamatshe kumaphiramidi aseGibhithe lasendulo kuya ekumisweni kwemishini yesimanje ye-chip lithography, abantu abakaze bayeke ukuphishekela ukunemba. Mhlawumbe ngokuzayo lapho uqinisa isikulufu, uzophinda ububule ngesisindo sobuchwepheshe salesi sikhala sembobo encane.