Isithuba somngxuma omncinci, ingqalelo enkulu - ityhila imfihlelo "yesithuba somngxuma" kwimveliso yomatshini

Isithuba somngxuma omncinci, ingqalelo enkulu - ityhila imfihlelo "yesithuba somngxuma" kwimveliso yomatshini

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, ukusuka kwimingxuma emincinci yefowuni ephathwayo ukuya kwizakhiwo ezinkulu zentsimbi yebhulorho, ukuhlanganiswa kweemveliso ezingenakubalwa kuxhomekeke "kwisithuba somngxuma". Le parameter ibonakala ilula yenye yeembombo zemboniselo zanamhlanje. Yintoni isithuba semingxuma? Kutheni ibalulekile nje? Namhlanje, siza kutyhila imigaqo yesayensi emva kwale nkcukacha yobugcisa.

Yintoni isithuba semingxuma?
Njengoko igama libonisa, isithuba semingxuma sibhekisa kumgama phakathi kwamaziko emingxuma emibini. Kwimveliso yomatshini, ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka kwendibano yamacandelo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba isithuba se-screw hole yecala lefowuni yeselula iphambuke nge-0.1 mm, inokubangela ukuba ingakwazi ukuqiniswa; kwaye ukuba impazamo yesithuba somngxuma webhloko yesilinda se-injini yemoto igqithile kumda, isenokubangela ukuvuza kwe-oyile okanye ukuguga kwenxalenye.

Ukuchaneka kwesithuba semingxuma: ukutsiba ukusuka kwimilimitha ukuya kwimicrons
Ngenkqubela phambili yoshishino, iimfuno zokuchaneka kwesithuba semingxuma ziya zisiba nzima:

Iindawo eziqhelekileyo (ezifana nefenitshala): ukunyamezela isithuba semingxuma malunga ne-±0.5 mm;

Izixhobo ezichanekileyo (ezifana neelensi zekhamera): kufuneka zilawulwe ngaphakathi kwe-± 0.02 mm;

I-aerospace (efana ne-rocket fuel valves): iimfuno ziphezulu njenge-± 0.005 mm, ilingana nesinye kwishumi sonwele.

Ukufezekisa ukuchaneka okunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuthembela kwizixhobo zomatshini ze-CNC ezichanekileyo, izixhobo zokulinganisa i-laser kunye nezinye izixhobo, kwaye uqwalasele izinto ezifana nokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokunciphisa izinto kunye nokungcangcazela.

Ulinganisa njani isithuba semingxuma?

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

I-Vernier caliper: ifanelekile kwiimeko ezichanekileyo;

Umatshini wokulinganisa ulungelelwaniso oluthathu: uvelisa iimodeli ze-3D ngokusebenzisa ukuskena kweprobe, ngokuchaneka ukuya kwinqanaba le-micron;

Umfanekiso obonakalayo: usebenzisa ikhamera ukuchonga ngokuzenzekelayo iindawo ezimingxunyayo, ezisebenzayo kunye nokungaqhagamshelwanga.

Iintsingiselo zexesha elizayo: ubukrelekrele kunye nokubekwa emgangathweni
Ngophuhliso loShishino 4.0, iifektri ezikrelekrele zisebenzisa izinzwa ukujonga ukutenxa kwesithuba semingxuma ngexesha lokwenyani kwaye zihlengahlengise ngokuzenzekelayo iiparamitha zokusetyenzwa. Ukongeza, i-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) ikhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwemigangatho yesithuba semingxuma yehlabathi ukunciphisa iingxaki ezihambelanayo kwiikhonkco zokubonelela ngemida.

Nangona isithuba somngxuma sincinci, ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo "wempazamo encinci inokukhokelela kwimpazamo enkulu". Ukusuka ekubekweni kwemingxunya yamatye kwiiphiramidi zamandulo zaseYiputa ukuya kulungelelwaniso lwenano-level yoomatshini banamhlanje be-chip lithography, abantu abakhange bayeke ukulandela ukuchaneka. Mhlawumbi kwixesha elizayo xa uqinisa isikrufu, uya kuncwina kwakhona kubunzima beteknoloji yesi sikhewu somngxuma omncinane.